By employing the three areas in the literature review contains (domicile, social, and ecological), a program for the post-disaster temporary shelter and the shelter village can be developed. In addition, after the research, a site can be selected for both the shelter and shelter village. When the program was developed, a number of elements were taken into consideration: sustainability, utilities, environmental elements, basic human needs and wants, sizes of the shelter and village, and the building codes that apply to Granite City, IL.
The largest FEMA trailer village in Louisiana, Renaissance Village, was home to 600 trailers at a time. On the other hand, the smaller villages only are comprised only50 trailers (Lee, 2007). The proposed shelter village, due to the need to create a unified community, will house 100 shelters, fifty one to four person shelters and fifty five to sight person shelters. After researching campground development, the one to four person shelters will be located on a 2,000 square foot site and the five to eight person shelters will be located on a 2.800 square foot site. However, to remain consistent, all the shelter plots will be 2,600 square feet. After doing the math, the shelter village will house between 300 and 600 people. In addition, the 100 shelter sites will comprise a minimum of 260,000 square footage combines.
Image 1 - An aerial view of FEMA’s largest trailer park: Renaissance Village
To comply with campground recommendations, 7 to 10 ADA accessible sites must be incorporated for every 200 sites; therefore, the proposed shelter village will include five ADA accessible shelter sites. In addition, each shelter site will incorporate a number of elements: water, sewage, and electricity hookups, a concrete pad to provide stability, and the ADA accessible will have a slope between 1:33 and 1:50 (Campground Accessibility , 2002). In addition, by ADA Accessible Guidelines, a number of things will need to be adjusted. Instead of stairs, a ramp, with a maximum slope of 1:20 will be provided. The height of elements would need to be adjusted: sinks would be 27 inches above the ground, seating units would need to be 17 to 19 inches above the ground, and handrails would be 36 inches above the ground. In addition, all doors are to be a minimum of 36 inches wide, and the doors threshold is not to exceed 3.4 of an inch high. In addition, a clear floor space of 30 x 48 will be provided within the ADA accessible shelter (ADA Accessibility, n.d.).
Image 2 - The type of ADA pathways that will be incorporated into the proposed shelter village
Image 3 - Tennis and basketball courts will be incorporated into the proposed shelter village to keep them occupied and out of trouble
When it comes to parking, the IBC states that, for a dwelling type of application, 1.5 spaces and 1 visitor space must be provided for every 5 units. In addition, the parking must be located no further than 300 feet from the needed areas of use. Using this information, the proposed village will need a minimum of 20 visitor parking spaces and 30 resident parking spaces; however, each shelter site will have one parking space (100 total). In addition, the IBC states there must be four handicapped spaces for every 100 that is supplied. Due to this, there will be four public handicapped parking spaces. When it comes to employee parking (general employees, security, maintenance, ect.) there will be 25 private spaces and 1 handicapped space (Table 3-4—Parking , n.d.).
After a natural disaster, sustainability becomes a major issue due to the fact that the power and water supply could be disconnected for weeks. For this reason, a variety of sustainable elements will be provided: solar trees, solar fabric, solar collecting batteries, a water collection system, porous pavement, vegetation to block winter winds while inviting summer breezes. To provide a sense of safety to the village, lighted pathways and satellite security buildings will be incorporated into the village design.
Image 4 - Lighted pathways will be incorporated throughout the proposed village to provide a sense of safety
Image 5 - Interactive playground equipment that will be used in the proposed village
The on-site grocery store will provide the inhabitants with the necessities, to minimize the need to travel long distances for items to create a comfortable life. This store’s 1,500 square feet will incorporate a sales counter, dry storage, cold storage, and frozen storage. The dining hall will be able to comfortably seat a maximum of 450 individuals. Under the IBC, this space would fall under an “assembly without fixed seating” area, requiring seven square feet per occupant. Therefore, the space will be a minimum of 4,200 square feet for a maximum occupant load of 600 people (Section 1004, n.d.). The dining hall, like the classrooms, will also be a multi-purpose room.
The kitchen, which will provide regular and cold storage, a loading dock, and standard kitchen equipment, will be between 1,000 and 1,500 square feet. The building complex would house three 150 square foot offices and one 300 square foot conference room. To compliment the recreation areas, the building will have a game room which will include: a lounge, storage, a pool table, a WII game system, a television, and an assortment of movies and books. According to the IBC, this multipurpose building will require a number of things: four men toilets, eight women toilets, three sinks for each sex, and a single water fountain (Plumbing Code, 2011).
ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Building and Facilities. (n.d.). Retrieved February 14,
2011, from http://www.access-board.gov/adaag/html/adaag.htm
Campground Accessibility: Issues and Recommendations. (2002). Access Today. Retrieved
November 10, 2010, from http://www.indiana.edu/~nca/monographs/5camping.shtml
Lee, M. (2007). The FEMA Trailer Parks: Negative Perception and the Social Structure of
Avoidance. Sociological Spectrum. 27, 741-766.
Performance. (n.d.). Retrieved November 2, 2010, from http://www.innovida.com/
fcp_performance.asp.
Section 1004 Occupant Load. (n.d.). Retrieved February 14, 2011, from http://dsc.infowest.
com/campus-design/planning-standards/campus-space-standards/ occupant
%20load%20(section%201004).pdf
Table 3-4 - Parking Requirements By Land Use Type. (n.d.). Retrieved January 14, 2011,
from http://ci.santa-rosa.ca.us/doclib/Documents/20-36.040%2TABLE%203-
4%20-%2Parking%20Requirements%20by%20Land%20Type.pdf
Images
Image 1 - http://cryptome.org/eyeball/rv/renaissance-west-001.jpg
Image 2 - http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/state-parks/parks/things-todo/images/
wheelchairaccessible3.JPG
Image 3 - http://lh4.ggpht.com/_jt8vQWtJrjs/S7EB0cMdEhI/AAAAAAAAGGI/
FhLN2dMK8S0/Tennis%5B3%5D.jpg
Image 4 - http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-XHZmlETkkGc/Tla3VVN5gQI/AAAAAAAAAkQ/
Image 5- http://www.sonaplay.com/image.php?src=content_YalpSona%20Rotterdam%20De%
20Vaan(1).JPG&type=thumb
KppxiMmoOgE/s1600/110628_DSC8374.jpg
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